India has the world’s highest reported number of annual road crash fatalities. According to the World Health Organization, road crash fatalities in India account for approximately 11 percent of the estimated 1.35 million global toll each year. Vulnerable road users, primarily pedestrians, cyclists, and two-wheelers, account for almost 54 percent of all fatalities and serious injuries. The young, working-age population is predominantly affected. Road users between the ages of 18 and 45 comprise 69 percent of all fatalities. This disproportionate impact of road crash mortality and morbidity on this economically productive segment of the population has a negative impact on productivity and is likely to significantly depress GDP growth rates. Key priorities for the GoI are to implement the new National Road Safety Strategy and all directives of the MVAA, at national, state, district and town levels. To rapidly achieve this, it is important that formal agreements are reached and institutional arrangements are established for implementation of MVAA provisions with state governments; and that the State Road Safety Incentives Program is launched on a national mission mode to support the implementation process. Priority must also be given to complementary initiatives addressing safer roads and mobility, safer vehicles, safer road users and more effective post-crash response services.