The 2015–2018 Multilingual Education National Action Plan was endorsed and launched in 2015 by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport in collaboration with UNICEF Cambodia and CARE, and in consultation with other stakeholders in Cambodia. Its goal was to increase the inclusion of Indigenous2 children in quality education as primary rights holders. The plan was implemented from 2015 to 2018. It aimed to ensure that Indigenous children have equitable access to quality and relevant education; build national and sub-national capacity to manage, monitor and scale up provision of multilingual education; and promote demand for quality multilingual education among school support committees, parents and local authorities. 3 A multilingual education curriculum was delivered using Khmer and five Indigenous languages (Bunong, Kavet, Kreung, Tampuan and Brao). It was offered in preschools and primary schools in Mondulkiri, Ratanakiri, Kratie and Stung Treng, where there were high numbers of Indigenous children. More recently, the programme was rolled out in six preschools in one district of Preah Vihear. The initiative uses a bridging model where children transition to Khmer as the language of instruction and the national curriculum in Grade 4. The plan is unprecedented in Southeast Asia for its government commitment to using ethnic minority languages to promote equity. It aligns with the Royal Government of Cambodia’s strategic development priorities and is supported by numerous international rights frameworks, including the Sustainable Development Goals. 4 It is supported by research on the contributions that multilingual education can make to ethnolinguistic minority children’s participation in education and society. In 2016, responsibility for the Multilingual Education National Action Plan shifted from CARE to the newly established Special Education Department within the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport. When the plan concluded its first term in July 2018, UNICEF Cambodia, on behalf of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport, commissioned an independent evaluation.