아프리카ㆍ중동

Since the outbreak of the Arab Spring, the Kingdom of Bahrain is the biggest flash point and a leverage to spark the most important political change in the Gulf Area. On 'the Day of Anger', February 14, 2011, in Manama Street, protesters reached 15,000 Bahrainis. More than 80 civilians and thirteen police officers and have been killed since protests erupted in 2011. In early of demonstration 2011, the protesters pursued the moderate political reformation as carriing the banners, 'No Sunni, No Shia, Just Bahraini' and calling for the fulfillment of 'Bahrain National Action Charter' which King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa had promised in 2001. However, in 2014 the slogans of Bahraini protesters have been changed into the much more radical, "WE Demand A Civil State, No to tyranny, Demanding Democracy, We won't abandon Our Right, Free all the Students" In 2002 the King of Bahrain introduced a new constitution, officially transforming Bahrain from an emirate to a constitutional monarchy, and called for the second parliament election in 29years after the first parliament election in 1973. Since 2002, there were parliament elections in 2006, 2010 even if many big problems involving the gerrymandering were during the process in the elections. Especially, In the elections of 2006, 2008, shia opposition, Al Wefaq became the biggest political party. This meant the possibility, the green light of Bahraini democracy with the developing parliament system. In February 2011, with the popular uprisings spreading across the region, Bahrainis took to the streets calling for the end to government corruption and greater social, political and economic rights. The government responded to protesters with a serious crackdown by security forces and the arrest and detentions of the demonstrators. In the finally, the GCC Peninsula Shield Force, mostly from Saudi Arabia and UAE entered Bahrain to crackdown the protestors in March 2011 and are stationed in it. This makes the situation in Bahrain more worse and worse and has stopped the possibility of the dialogue between the government and the oppositions as the parliament system has been paralyzed.